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History of Gilan : ウィキペディア英語版
History of Gilan

Gīlān is an Iranian province at the southwestern coast of the Caspian Sea. This articles discusses its history.
== Ancient times ==

Until the 7th century AD, Gilan was in the sphere of influence of the consecutive Achaemenid, Seleucid, Parthian, and Sasanid empires ruling Iran.
It seems that the Gelae (Gilites) have entered the region in south of the Caspian coast and west of the Amardos River (later Safidrud) in the second or first century B.C.E. Pliny identifies them with the Cadusii which were living there previously. It is more likely that they were a separate people, and had come from the region of Dagestan, and taken the place of the Kadusii. The fact that the native inhabitants of Gilan have originating roots in the Caucasus is also supported by genetics and language, as Gilaks are genetically closer to ethnic peoples of the Caucasus (such as the Georgians) than they are towards other ethnic groups in Iran.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=''Concomitant Replacement of Language and mtDNA in South Caspian Populations of Iran'' )〕 Also their languages shares certain typologic features with Caucasian languages, of which Tat is one of them.〔The Tati language group in the sociolinguistic context of Northwestern Iran and Transcaucasia By D.Stilo, pages 137-185〕
Later, these newly arrived groups also crossed the Amardos river and, together with the Deylamites, superseded the Amardi. They are mentioned as mercenaries of the Sasanian kings like the Deylamites, but it does seem that they had come under their effective rule. It is said that Dabuyids had originated in Gīlān before moving to Tabaristan. In 553, Gilan and Amol are mentioned as the seat of a Nestorian bishop.

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